温泉旅游规划中的旅游环境容量研究——以俭汤温泉为例

作为温泉旅游地规划开发的最重要指标之一,旅游环境容量确定的合理与否直接关系到温泉旅游地规划开发的成功与否。以俭汤温泉为研究对象,以温泉出水量为依据测算了俭汤温泉的最大环境容量,采用面积法测算了俭汤温泉的游人容量,并在此基础上测算了俭汤温泉规划开发所需床位及服务人员数。     

制冷剂流量和风量对再循环蒸发器传热性能影响

蒸发器超倍供液系统中的制冷剂有较大流速,增加了液体制冷剂和蒸发管内表面的接触,从而改善换热,增大传热系数,提高蒸发器的效率。本文对再循环蒸发器制冷剂流量和配用风机的风量对蒸发器的净制冷量的影响作了理论计算分析,为合理设计再循环蒸发器提供了理论依据。     

论利用工程量清单来控制工程造价

由于我国开始实行工程量清单计价方法进行工程招投标,完善的工程量清单对控制工程造价具有重要影响,因此必须在工程设计阶段、施工招投标阶段做好工作,编制出准确、完整的建设项目工程量清单.     

中国地区间财力差异的度量及分解

首先采用以人口为权数的加权变异系数对地区间财力差异进行了度量.随后提出财力的初次分配和再分配的概念,检验了财力的初次分配中不同财政收入项目及财力的再分配中不同转移支付项目对财力不平等的贡献率.认为对财力差异起主要作用的是财力的初次分配即财政收入,起次要作用的是财力的再分配即中央转移支付,其中,将营业税划归地方税、税收返还等保持既得利益的转移支付是造成地区间财力差异的主要原因,并且随着经济的发展这将导致地区差距的进一步扩大.     

矩形钢管混凝土短柱轴心受压性能研究

该文对8根不同参数的矩形钢管混凝土短柱进行了轴心受压试验，对试件的破坏形态进行了分析，提出了一个基于线性莫尔强度准则的轴心受压矩形钢管混凝土短柱的极限承载力计算公式，并用其他文献的试验成果进行了验算，计算结果与实验数据吻合良好，可为工程设计提供参考．     

改革与完善我国现行消费信贷制度的几点思考

在我国，消费信贷发展缓慢，其原因是：消费者承贷能力较弱；消费信贷操作不够规范；缺乏消费信贷的防范机制和完善的社会保障制度。若扩大消费信贷就必须营造有利于消费信贷发展的法制环境，并借鉴西方发达国家经验。     

Convenient estimators for the panel probit model: Further results

Bertschek and Lechner (1998) propose several variants of a GMM estimator based on the period specific regression functions for the panel probit model. The analysis is motivated by the complexity of maximum likelihood estimation and the possibly excessive amount of time involved in maximum simulated likelihood estimation. But, for applications of the size considered in their study, full likelihood estimation is actually straightforward, and resort to GMM estimation for convenience is unnecessary. In this note, we reconsider maximum likelihood based estimation of their panel probit model then examine some extensions which can exploit the heterogeneity contained in their panel data set. Empirical results are obtained using the data set employed in the earlier study. Helpful comments and suggestions by Irene Bertschek and Michael Lechner are gratefully acknowledged. This paper has also benefited from comments by two anonymous referees and from seminar participants at the Center for Health Economics at the University of York. Any remaining errors are the responsibility of the author.     

Collusive Long-Run Investments Under Transmission Price-Caps

In the short run, constraints in the electricity transmission system may give market power to generators. This paper examines whether the constraints themselves are a long-run equilibrium outcome in a competitive environment. We show that independent transmission companies and generators can tacitly collude to raise prices to consumers and divide the resulting profits. We also show that price cap regulation does not prevent this behavior and may in fact contribute to it. The mechanism for collusion is that generators locate their plants so that a capacity-constrained transmission line lies between them and their consumer market. We show that this constraint-based collusion can be sustained in a static game without any punishment strategies.     

区域环境承载力的定量化探讨--以大连市为例

With the analysis of the connotation and charter of the regional environment's carrying capacity, this paper,firstly, establishes the index system on the base of the affecting factors. Secondly, this paper discusses the methods of the quantization of the environment's carrying capacity of Dalian. Finally, this paper predicts the changing tendency of the environment's carrying capacity.     

国内外水资源承载力的研究综述

随着能源危机的出现,资源环境问题逐渐成为各国经济学家和环境学家特别关注的问题.近年来,水资源短缺越来越成为各地经济发展的制约因素,面对这种情况,资源承载力概念的提出为资源与经济发展问题提供了一条新的研究途径.本文将国内外有关水资源承载力概念和量化方法的研究作一总体分析,结果表明:(1)国外对水资源承载力的研究较少,国内的研究大体可分为初始、发展、鼎盛和拓展四个阶段;(2)从横向比较来看,水资源承载力的研究在我国以近十年为盛.但研究多集中在资源学科领域和地理环境学科领域,角度大多是综合考虑多方面的影响因素,对一个地区的水资源承载力作出系统评价,并借助可持续发展的思想,应用已有的和创新的方法来解决水资源承载力的问题;(3)水资源承载力的研究在一定程度上是土地资源承载力研究的进步;(4)水资源承载力的研究较少考虑环境污染对水资源承载力以及整个社会系统的影响.在此基础上,本文最后对承载力在自然资源方面的研究作了小结和展望.